Nanostructure evolution of titanium dioxide layers from titanium thin films using hydrothermal treatment

In this study, a hydrothermal route is advanced for the formation of titanium dioxide nanostructures. The wetting properties and structure evolution of the hydrothermally grown TiO₂ nanostructures are studied. Sputtered titanium thin films have been treated under hydrothermal conditions. The results show that the morphologies, microstructures and surface properties of the TiO₂ nanostructured films vary with increasing hydrothermal treatment times. Prolonged hydrothermal treatment leads to the formation of TiO₂ nanorods.