Testing of power and distribution cables for the petrochemical industries in Saudi Arabia

The petrochemical industry in Saudi Arabia has expanded the scope, size and requirements of its in-plant distribution system until they now encompass all voltage levels up to and including 115/230 kV. The proper design of electrical power and instrumentation circuits has now become a more complicated task than was the case in the past. Electrical designers must carefully consider chemical, moisture, fire retardant, and shielding criteria, as well as the old standbys of ampacity, short circuit withstand, voltage drop, and hazardous area classifications. These cables must be applied and installed with optimum life, reliability, and costs. This paper reviews the wire and cable types commonly used in petrochemical applications in Saudi Arabia and their economics. Cable types for special applications are also analyzed. Applications in petrochemical industry make special demands on the ability of cables to withstand high temperatures, attack by caustic chemicals, and exposure to fire. Measurements of these capabilities is already encompassed in recognized tests and procedures. A great many tests are now prescribed, covering the mechanical and physical as well as electrical performance of cables. These tests can be carried out properly only with the facilities and controlled environment of a laboratory. In-service testing remains a difficult task and presents certain risks and problems. High quality cable testing and quality assurance tests are also described in this paper.