H- injection into the low-energy booster of the SSC

Protons are accumulated into the low-energy booster of the SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) by utilizing H^-→H⁺ conversion in a 225-μg/cm² carbon stripping foil. Synchronous injection is performed for 26 turns into stationary RF buckets, thereby allowing operation with variable bunch spacing. By injecting the beam offset in x and y, the required RMS normalized transverse emittance area of 0.75 π mm-mr is obtained. Similarly, the required RMS longitudinal emittance area of 1.75 μ×10^-3 eVs is obtained by injecting single linac micropulses, centered at φ=0 and dp/p=+0.12%, into each 49.9-MHz RF bucket formed with an RF voltage of 350 kV. The transverse space-charge tune shift is -0.17 for 10¹⁰ protons/bunch accumulated at 600 MeV