An Analytical Modeling Design to Select an Optimal Forwarding Neighbor in Lossy Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, a cross layer protocol named Location Based Energy Efficient Routing (LBEER) is proposed. The proposed LBEER protocol addresses the physical, link and network layer issues by selecting an optimal forwarding neighbor based on Packet Reception Rate (PRR), Packet Velocity (One-hop delay) and Residual energy metrics. An analytical model for optimal forwarding neighbor selection was derived based on the study carried by varying the one-hop distance, nature of environment and transmission power level on PRR, Average End to End delay and Energy consumption parameters. The protocol is simulated in Ns2 for grid topology of 25 nodes. From the simulation results, it is found that optimal neighbor selection based on maximum weighted value of PRR, Packet Velocity, Residual Energy in LBEER outperforms standalone metrics in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio, Normalized Energy Consumption and Optimality in Average End to End delay is achieved.