Wireless Communication in LEO Satellite Formations

In this paper we investigate key IEEE 802.11 optimization techniques with the aim to adapt the commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) wireless standard for inter-satellite communication in autonomous distributed spacecraft formations. Optimisation approaches such as the tuning of the IEEE 802.11 physical layer parameters and enhancing the data link layer for space applications are described. The integration of smart antennas with the MAC protocol is also considered aiming at increasing the capacity and throughput while minimizing interference and collision in close proximity links. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches for satellite formations in low earth orbit polar and inclined orbits.