Load characteristics of two-staged inductive voltage dividers

The load dependence of two-staged inductive voltage dividers (IVDs) for both in-phase and quadrature components up to 10 kHz are examined. The IVD ratio errors deviate from the calibrated values because of the relationship between the IVD output impedance and the loads when the IVD is used in some applications. Therefore, evaluations of the loading effects on the IVDs are an important issue. To detect the very small variation with loads, another calibrated IVD is used. The in-phase components of the IVD with resistive loads remain constant up to 10 kHz, and those with capacitive loads increase rapidly over 1 kHz. The error values depend on the load values. The quadrature components with resistive and capacitive loads change proportionally with the frequency. The errors due to the loads are not small and are significant for some applications that use IVDs.