The calculation of the electromagnetic field of a vertical electric dipole in the presence of a three-layered spherical earth

This paper presents the influences of the parameters and the thickness of the dielectric layer to the ground-wave propagation through the calculation and simulation of the ground-wave of the vertical dipole in a three-layered spherical earth. It can be seen that the earth covered by a dielectric layer will excite the surface wave (trapped surface wave and lateral wave) effectively, and the interference will occur when the thickness of the dielectric layer is larger than a certain value. This three-layered spherical earth model is more suitable for the practical layered earth, so the method in this paper is more universal. It will be helpful to the design of the radio navigation and positioning system in the areas of sea water covered by a dielectric layer of sea ice or areas of tundra.