An energy efficient double cluster head routing scheme for motorway vehicular networks

We propose a novel double cluster-head routing scheme for motorway vehicular networks which is generically modelled (can be applied o single or multiple cluster-head routing schemes) to save a significant amount of energy through adaptive sleep cycles while maintaining he required quality of service (QoS). Real vehicular and data traffic measurements are utilised o evaluate the performance of he double cluster-head (DCH) scheme and compare with he existing (a single cluster-head (SCH)) scheme. The results, also verified with he simulations, reveal that the DCH scheme is able to achieve 2× lower packet blocking probability compared o he SCH scheme. Furthermore, on an average energy saving of 94% with service-tolerant delay during the whole day is achieved. In addition, we found ha with a lower market penetration ratio (MPR), which represents he near future vehicular communication rend, more than 4× energy is saved during peak hours in a motorway vehicular environment.