Close accord on characterizing and detecting arcing faults in LV distribution networks

LV networks have usually their own difficulties regarding fault detection and location methodologies. Detection of downed conductors still represents the most challenging problem for such networks. These faults are usually characterized with very low fault currents. This inhibits detecting them with conventional current-based relaying functions. As a result, they are potentially life-threatening and may start fires with their accompanied arcs. The aim of this paper is to deeply investigate the behavior of downed conductor faults in LV networks. Moreover, their key features that assist to detect these faults are explored and evaluated. For this target, the transient profile of their constructed arcs is analyzed. Impacts of load types and loading variations are also visualized. Issues for realizing a successful implementation for their relaying tools are highlighted. These steps are achieved with some experimental test cases covering a variety of downed conductor scenarios. The obtained results will assist to realize a better understanding of the properties of these faults and supervise further research steps aiming to get an economic, versatile and dependable detection scheme for such faults.