Distributed resources for transmission congestion and expansion management

Among alternatives that are investigated for distributed generation of electricity are a number of unconventional sources including photovoltaic, fuel cells, wind, combustion engines, microturbines, combined cycles units, hydro) as well as storage facilities (e.g., flywheels, compressed air coupled with combustion turbines, supercapacitors and superconducting magnetic energy storage). In this presentation, the authors apply the PV-battery system. However, the study applies to other types of DR as well.