The policies and measures and methods of cooperation between industry, academic and scientific research institutes in China

Summary form only given. Due to the effect of long-term structural planning, Chinese firms lacked in their research and development capabilities. Although colleges, universities and scientific research institutes possessed enormous potentiality in this area, however their research tended to lay particular stress on basic research. Under the social conditions of the present market economy, technology is increasingly becoming a key factor influencing corporate competitiveness. This requires strengthening the cooperation between industry, academic, and scientific research institutes in the areas of research and development. As China attempts to carry out its structural reform, the need for such cooperation is particularly imminent. Consequently since the early 1980s the government of China has actively promoted the cooperation between such institution in their R&D efforts. The cooperation between industry, academic and scientific research institutes in China is characterized by the following methods: technology transfer; contractual research and development which can be further divided into development by consignment and development by contract; cooperation through the establishment of joint research and development institutions; and establishing joint stock companies using the combined funds of enterprise, academic and scientific research institutions. The technology is valued in registered capital. Other methods include companies which provide funding to universities research institutions for the training and saving problems that may exist in the companies technology or production facilities etc