Abstract :
Retrospective analysis of explosive opening switches (EOS) development makes it possible to subdivide all the investigated EOS according to the character of action on the are carrent channel, which inevitably occurs either whith destruction or with evaporation of the inetallic current carrying element, into five main types (fig.l): EOS with arc quenching in free area [1]; EOS with arc quenching in limited volume [2,3]; EOS with arc quenching in the dielectric media [4]; EOS with arc forcing out from electrode system [5,6]; EOS with arc compression on dielectric wall [7] D. Exceptional results on voltage were obtained in EOS structures with plasma current channel compressio [7,8], for which several calculation Models are proposed[ 9-12]. With a number of differences they include Maxwell, energy conservation, motion, circuit equations, as well as thermodynamic parameters and plasma transport coefficient approximate relations. The calculations resulted in the function of the EOS resistance. But the research into the EOS based on a search of resistance function in the scheme of current commutation to load deprives the result of research of community, as the function of the EOS resistance depends on parameters of scheme elements. Besides, the numeral analysis resulting in time characteristics of the current switchig process, conceals mutual relations between electrical and hydrodynamics parameters of EOS, determined by different reasons for EOS resistance increase: are extension and compression, instability of the interface media -arc plasma development, mixing of are plasma with the media, scattering of the are energy by the media, plasma arc cooling at the expense of radiation.
