Path loss characterization in vehicular environments under LOS and NLOS conditions at 5.9 GHz

Based on a narrowband channel measurement campaign, this paper characterizes the path loss in vehicular environments, categorizing between line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) propagation conditions at 5.9 GHz. Based on a linear slope model, values of the path loss exponent and the standard deviation of the shadowing are reported in three different environments, i.e., urban with high road traffic density, urban with moderate/low traffic density, and highway. The results presented here can be incorporated in an easy way into vehicular network (VANET) simulators to develop, evaluate and validate new protocols and system architectures configurations under more realistic propagation conditions.