Experimental characterization of building shadowing and exit loss in a small-cell environment at 700, 2600 and 4900 MHz

Results are presented of propagation measurements at 700, 2600 and 4900 MHz, in an environment representative of expected small-cell deployments, i.e., with the transmitting antenna located below the rooftop of a nearby building and/or indoors. Building shadowing and exit loss are estimated by comparing spatial propagation loss distributions measured in the area around a transmitting antenna located, alternately, at various heights outside a building, and on different storeys inside the building.