Modeling of Writing and Thinking Process in Handwriting by Digital Pen Analysis

In order to acquire infrequent events as new ideas and evaluate the ideas quantitatively, it is necessary to know how people create and refine ideas and to model creating and refining process. In this paper, we focused on relations between thinking time and writing time in handwriting, and proposed to model the relation by externalization, classification, relation, transportation and systematization, which are elements to make sentences. The relation depended on questions and formats of sheets. When sheets give participants the question answered by sentences, writing time become longer as thinking time is longer. On the other hand, if sheets give the question which could be answered only by words, writing time become shorter as thinking time is longer. We hypothesized that participants spent more time classifying, relating and transporting words in answering only by words than in answering by sentences. We could also confirm that when the same questions were given twice, writing time became longer and thinking time became shorter second time than first time. It was because enough externalizations were performed first time and participants spent less time externalizing second time.