Simulation and modeling of ground penetrating RADARs

This paper focuses on providing a design capable of calculating range to target, material of target, Doppler shift of the target, and gives the low cost implementation of the complete design if hardware is also considered. The proposed model also provide basis for designing ground penetrating Radars capable of detecting underground metallic as well as non-metallic objects. While selecting a frequency for the ground penetrating Radars water absorption, attenuation, material of target and ground properties should be kept in mind. 1 GHz frequency is therefore selected as it can penetrate ground and is also sensitive to non-metallic targets. For the Simulations Linear Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (FMCW) Radar principles are used as it is found that they give good short range calculations and also have finer range resolution as compared to pulsed Doppler radars. The overall simulations are done on Advanced Design System (ADS) software. Complete ground modeling is also done for the simulations. The proposed ADS simulation model not only detects the presence and relative frequency shift of the target, it can also deal with the changing dielectric constant of target and ground, water content and conductivity of ground. Range resolution up to 40cm can be achieved if the proposed model is implemented.