Model predictive control based efficient operation of battery energy storage system for primary frequency control

This paper presents a method for an efficient operation of a battery energy storage system (BESS) associated with frequency control problem. A control system model is proposed to simulate the BESS for frequency control application. A controller based on model predictive control (MPC) is designed for the reliable operation of the BESS for primary frequency regulation. A frequency prediction model based on Grey theory is also designed to optimize the performance of our predictive controller. The method is tested using real measurements from a real power grid in the presence of multiple and realistic physical system constraints. The simulation results depict the effectiveness of the proposed frequency regulation scheme.