Incorporating Correlation Matrices into Hardware Triply Selective Fading Channel Emulators Using Kronecker Product

This article proposes a hardware triply selective Rayleigh fading channel emulator which is implemented by incorporating spatial and inter-tap correlation matrices into uncorrelated frequency-flat Rayleigh fading waveforms with a Kronecker product method. The Kronecker product of square roots of three correlation matrices are computed in real time via serial, parallel, or mixed serial-parallel computational methods and then combined with uncorrelated flat fading waveforms. A 4×4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) triply selective channel with 4 correlated delay-taps per subchannel is implemented on a Stratix III FPGA DSP development kit. We show that the three methods provide flexibility for designs in speed and resource utilization.