A nonlinear approach to the selection of pilot buses for secondary voltage control

Power system secondary voltage control determines control device actions based on reference voltage values set at certain load buses denominated pilot buses. A key factor for the appropriate functioning of secondary voltage control schemes is the selection of the pilot buses. This paper addresses this problem using a nonlinear approach, i.e. using the full load flow equations. This constitutes a modeling improvement with respect to previous approximate linearized approaches. Two case studies based respectively on the New England 39-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system are provided