Application of demand side response and energy storage to enhance the utilization of the existing distribution network capacity

Traditional, largely passive operating paradigm of distributed networks is being challenged by expectations of load growth. As a response, distribution networks operation is moving towards a more active and dynamic approach, in order to enhance security of supply, improve utilisation of existing network assets and to minimise the need for network reinforcements. A spectrum of enabling technologies such as Demand Side Response (DSR) and Energy Storage (ES) can be used to provide distribution network support services, for example voltage and load flow control. In this paper, a methodology for assessing the potential benefits of using ES and DSR to postpone reinforcements of the existing network assets is presented. The methodology is based on a nonlinear multi-period optimal power flow (OPF), where DSR and ES are modelled as a part of the optimisation constraints. DSR is built on a shifting algorithm applied to wet appliances. Storage model optimizes size and location of the ES. The approach is tested on a 11kV distribution network. The obtained results show that DSR and ES may be used for network assets investments deferral, thus more efficiently using the existing network capacity.