Independent generator perspective: wind turbines as embedded generators

Wind turbines are becoming a recognised part of the landscape, particularly in mainland Europe. The growth of wind generated electricity has been slower in the UK, although a few Public Electricity Suppliers (PESs) now have a significant number of wind farms connected to the distribution network. Wind energy currently provides around 2.5% of the total demand in Wales and nearly 40% of the electricity demand in Powys. This paper describes the implications for the electrical system with an increasing penetration of wind generation, drawing from experience of wind farm developments in the UK and other European countries