State-of-the-art Harmonic-Balance techniques for the accurate design of time-modulated arrays driven by time-varying phasors

The paper introduces to the rigorous simulation of time-modulated linear arrays (TMAs) by the combination of the Harmonic Balance (HB) method with the electromagnetic description of the radiating elements. This way the simplifying assumptions of previous approaches are avoided and the effect of switches nonlinearity can be straightforwardly put into evidence. Moreover the realistic case of digitally modulated carriers can be dealt with, too, at the expense of algorithmic complexity. The effectiveness of the presented tool is demonstrated with numerical examples exploiting different switch modulation patterns in presence of both sinusoidal and modulated carriers.