A hybrid algorithm based on BPSO and immune mechanism for PMU optimization placement

This paper aims to optimize the PMU (phasor measurement unit) placement for a full observation of the power network and the minimum number of PMU. It provides a speedy and general analyzing method of power network topology observation based on the properties of PMU and topological structure information of the power network, and a resolution to the object function with an improved binary particle swarm optimization algorithm, which is combined with the information processing mechanism of immune system. The N-1 principle is used to evaluate the measurement redundancy of placement schemes. The feature of the proposed algorithm is the combination of the swiftness in binary particle swarm optimization and the diversity of antibodies in immune system, thus its ability of converging in later evolution process is improved observably, and it enables the global optimum results. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated with PMU placement optimization simulation and a redundancy measurement analysis by using IEEE14-bus system and New England 39-bus system.