Title :
A hybrid least squares and principal component analysis algorithm for Raman spectroscopy
Author :
Van de Sompel, Dominique ; Garai, Ellis ; Zavaleta, Cristina ; Gambhir, Sanjiv Sam
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Med., Mol. Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA
fDate :
Aug. 30 2011-Sept. 3 2011
Abstract :
The least squares fitting algorithm is the most commonly used algorithm in Raman spectroscopy. In this paper, however, we show that it is sensitive to variations in the background signal when the signal of interest is weak. To address this problem, we propose a novel algorithm to analyze measured spectra in Raman spectroscopy. The method is a hybrid least squares and principal component analysis algorithm. It explicitly accounts for any variations expected in the reference spectra used in the signal decomposition. We compare the novel algorithm to the least squares method with a low-order polynomial residual model, and demonstrate the novel algorithm´s superior performance by comparing quantitative error metrics. Our experiments use both simulated data and data acquired from an in vitro solution of Raman-enhanced gold nanoparticles.
Keywords :
Raman spectra; gold; hybrid simulation; least squares approximations; medical signal processing; nanomedicine; nanoparticles; polynomial matrices; principal component analysis; Raman spectroscopy; gold nanoparticles; in vitro solution; least squares fitting algorithm; low-order polynomial residual model; principal component analysis algorithm; quantitative error metrics; signal decomposition; Algorithm design and analysis; Compounds; Nanoparticles; Photonics; Polynomials; Principal component analysis; Raman scattering; Algorithms; Animals; Computer Simulation; Gold; Humans; Least-Squares Analysis; Light; Metal Nanoparticles; Mice; Models, Statistical; Principal Component Analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Swine;
Conference_Titel :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC, 2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE
Conference_Location :
Boston, MA
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-4121-1
Electronic_ISBN :
1557-170X
DOI :
10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6091762