Identification of cross-border power flows in integrated networks based on the principle of superposition

Expenses caused by energy trade have to be covered by their originators. 3rd party TSOs are entitled for compensation payment if both source and sink of each regarded power flow is situated outside the borders of its member state. Furthermore, power flows contributing to reduce tie-line utilization should be considered to lessen compensation payment. Current methods do not match regulatory requirements due to their lack of technical soundness. In this paper a method entirely based on physical rules is developed. It is based on a complex-valued power flow and a subsequent superposition of nodal currents. Thus, partial power flows are physically correctly determined. Furthermore, a unique identification of transits, loop flows, imports, exports and internal flows and an allocation to their originators are possible. A comparison with the overall flows classifies all partial flows as burdens or reliefs to either increase or decrease the compensation payment amount.