Shortcut Nitrification and ANAMMOX Combined Process for Autotrophic Ammonia Removal

The shortcut nitrification was realized in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) when the temperature and pH value were controlled at 28~30degC and 7.8~8.1. The nitrogen removal loading reached 0.129 kg NH₄ ⁺-Nldrkg^-1 VSSldrd^-1 by increasing the influent ammonia concentration. More than 85% of the nitrite accumulative efficiency was achieved and the ratio of ammonium oxidation bacteria to nitrite oxidation bacteria was 10³ : 1. To match the effluent nitrite concentration of the SBR, the influent ammonia concentration in anaerobic rotating biological contactor was increased from 80 mg I^-1 to 218 mg I^-1. Both shortcut nitrification and ANAMMOX process ran steadily when they were combined for autotrophic ammonia removal. The removal efficiency and the removal loading rate of the ammonia reached 85% and 0.133 kg NH₄ ⁺-N kg^-1 VSS d^-1 in the SBR. 86% of ammonia removal efficiency, 97% of nitrite removal efficiency and 90% of TN removal efficiency were achieved and the nitrogen loading rate reached 0.488 kg TN m^-3 day^-1.