An Active Congestion Help Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Network

Many-to-one transport results in congestion in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This is due to the sudden impulse of information flowing to a single destination by single branch. More attention has been paid to congestion control in WSN, but most research works in the past were apt to handle it by controlling output sending rate, and seldom sought solutions on utilizing the idle resources of non-congestion branch. In this paper, an Active Congestion Help (ACOH) mechanism is designed to find and build an auxiliary routing when congestion. For fairness and flow balancing, Adaptive Flow Allocation algorithm (AF) is designed to distribute flow as adaptive proportion between the main routing and the auxiliary. AF is considering the transmitting-receiving rate of congestive and auxiliary node, and quickly converges to a fair and efficient proportion. In ACOH, a simple backpressure is used to handle the data flow which exceeds the maximum throughput. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our ACOH.