CuInSe2 module environmental durability

Stability of CuInSe₂ (CIS) modules through outdoor testing and accelerated environmental testing has been demonstrated on 0.4-m² modules. Package durability has been demonstrated for 0.4-m² laminates with polyurethane frames. Although stability has been demonstrated, a distribution of results is common with power changes ranging from slight gains to losses greater than 10%. Correlations and distinctions between the distributions for outdoor and accelerated environmental testing are discussed. During accelerated environmental testing, temperature effects, alone, rather than temperature combined with humidity, cause changes in power. An interaction between CIS and the package is not necessary to cause these changes in power