PV module power output: sensitivity and uncertainty in non-STC measurements

Some of the issues influencing the determination of electrical characteristics of crystalline silicon PV modules when measurements are made at nonstandard test conditions are discussed. Laboratory measurement procedures of I-V curve measurement and analysis procedure is also detailed, which permits field verification of laboratory calibrations. A comparison of laboratory and field measurements on individual modules in which extrapolation of field data corrects for deviations from standard test conditions (STCs) is given