Advanced dynamic simulations as an important aid to restoration studies and training

Restoration of power system operation after a major collapse is a complex process. It involves many technical and organizational aspects. And restoration has often to be handled under stress. Thus it is essential that restoration is analyzed beforehand and trained by the operators. To do all this, simulation tools are necessary. The paper starts to list a number of critical aspects during restoration. After that, the simulation tool used at Svenska Kraftnat, the owner and operator of the Swedish national grid, is described. Finally, experiences using this tool are presented.