A hierarchical signature scheme for robust video authentication using secret sharing

Ensuring the integrity of a digital video is an important and challenging research problem arising out of many video applications. In this paper, we present a hierarchical framework for video authentication based on cryptographic secret sharing that protects a video from spatial cropping and temporal jittering, yet is robust against frame dropping in the streaming video scenario. Our algorithm provides a tradeoff between security and robustness by having configurable inputs. The authentication signature is compact and very sensitive against spatial attacks such as region tampering, and interframe attacks like frame replacement, major frame dropping, and frame reordering. Given a video, we identify the key frames based on different energy between the frames. Considering video frames as shares, we compute the secret at three hierarchical levels. The master secret is used as digital signature to authenticate the video. We present extensive experimental results which show the utility of our technique.