Single-phase adiabatic flip-flops and sequential circuits using improved CAL circuits

This paper presents an improved single-phase adiabatic circuit for CAL (Clocked Adiabatic Logic). In the improved CAL circuits, the auxiliary clock uses the sinusoidal wave to recycle the charge of auxiliary clock lines, while the auxiliary clock of conventional CAL circuits adopts the square wave. Pre-adiabatic flip-flops and sequential circuits based on improved CAL circuits are proposed. With TSMC 0.18 mum CMOS process, the energy loss of the proposed circuits is greatly reduced compared to the conventional CAL circuits and the CMOS implementation.