An integrated method for decentralized Combined Heat and Power planning

An integrated long-term power system planning with a focus on combined heat and power (CHP) is proposed as a solution to the problem of inadequacy in energy resources. A directional energy network model is designed and optimized to give the least-cost answers to the planning questions. Study shows the heat waste recovery from decentralized power generations including reciprocating engines, micro turbines, Stirling engines and fuel cells results in a considerable cost reduction, efficiency improvement, emission control and reliability enhancement. The detailed numerical results as well as the suggested plans are presented and discussed. A 16.3% capacity share belongs to the decentralized generation in the sample power system. Meanwhile, the plan assigns about 80% of the new thermal capacities to CHP. Reducing the pollutant emissions by 30% is of the environmental outcomes of the proposed plan.