Fast space mapping modeling with adjoint sensitivity

A space mapping technique is presented that utilizes recent commercially available adjoint sensitivity analysis procedures for modeling microwave and RF components. It is shown that using only one full-wave electromagnetic simulation along with an adjoint sensitivity evaluation one can build a good surrogate model. The proposed technique calibrates a surrogate by matching responses and corresponding adjoint sensitivities. This surrogate is accurate over an extended region of the parameter space. Using a three-section transformer and an H-plane filter, the technique is demonstrated to be straightforward to implement within available simulation software.