Wide area sensor network for disaster prevention and monitoring: Concept and service coverage

In order to realize effective disaster relief systems or anti-disaster systems, which increase safety through the prevention of catastrophic failures, environmental damage, and hazardous leaks or spills, many wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been designed. A recently proposed low energy critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) sensor network can also be used for this purpose. This paper is intended to provide the basic concepts necessary to perform a top level analysis of the wireless link in the LECIM sensor networks. In addition, after briefly introducing the basic structures and design issues of the LECIM networks, we further study the available service coverage under high path loss transmission environments. Our simulation results show that the coverage quality of LECIM networks can be greatly improved by DS spreading-based approach.