2.4-GHz 8.5-mW 3.7-dB NF 100-kHz 1/f corner direct-conversion receiver using double-balanced passive mixer

Summary form only given, as follows. A 2.4-GHz direct-conversion receiver is demonstrated using 0.18-µm CMOS technology. With both the passive mixer realization and the use of vertical-NPN BJTs at the transconductance stage of the IF amplifiers, the 1/f noise problem is directly avoided. A single-to-differential transformer is also used between the LNA and the passive mixer to perform better isolation. The receiver achieves a conversion gain of 49 dB and DSB NF of 3.7 dB when the dc power consumption is 8.5 mW at a 1.8 V supply.