Mathematical method of the analysis of “radar-tropospheric waveguide-low flying target over sea surface” radar channel

We present an approximate method for the analysis of a radar channel consisting of a coastal radar, a tropospheric waveguide and a low flying target over a sea surface. The tropospheric waveguide is formed above the sea due to a number of weather and seasonal-daily factors. In this case the electrical tropospheric parameters near the sea surface essentially differ from a standard one. In 1991-1996, experimental research on the refraction index distribution with height z and electromagnetic field (EM) structure above the Black Sea surface was carried out. Regular measurements were accomplished in a height range from 0 to 30 meters, and separate measurements made up to heights of several kilometers. The experiments prove the possibility of radar identification of ships and low flying targets over the sea surface