Practical aspects of modeling apertures for signal and power integrity co-simulation

When the return path of a signal is not continuous, unwanted noise will couple to the return current, leading to worsening of the signal waveform. To prevent such a signal integrity issue, a thorough understanding of the physics of the return path discontinuity (RPD) is critical. This paper presents analysis and quantification of the impact of RPDs in the presence of a power delivery network The study of the different types of RPDs, such as a gap between reference planes and an aperture, provides designing and modeling guidelines. The guidelines are applied to an efficient PDN analysis method to further improve computational efficiency.