A dynamic fuzzy logic approach to adaptive HVS-based watermarking

A novel image watermarking algorithm is introduced that consists of an adaptive watermarking algorithm based on a human visual system (HVS) model and a dynamic fuzzy inference system (DFIS). This scheme relies on the DFIS to extract the human eye sensitivity knowledge using the HVS model. The DFIS and the HVS combined are used to adjust and select the appropriate watermark length as well as the watermark strength for each pixel in an image. The main goal of the algorithm is to provide a more robust and imperceptible watermark. The aforementioned has been implemented and tested under various attacks including image compression, cropping, additive Gaussian noise distortion, scaling, low-pass filtering, as well as collusion attacks. The results achieved demonstrate that the watermark can survive these attacks while remaining imperceptible. The primary contribution of this adaptive watermarking approach is to further enhance spread-spectrum based watermarking schemes by introducing a DFIS model that encompasses a dynamic membership function engine to accurately approximate the relationship found between all properties of the HVS.