Title :
Transparent robust image watermarking
Author :
Swanson, Mitchell D. ; Zhu, Bin ; Tewfik, Ahmed H.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng., Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN, USA
Abstract :
We propose a watermarking scheme to hide copyright information in an image. The scheme employs visual masking to guarantee that the embedded watermark is invisible and to maximize the robustness of the hidden data. The watermark is constructed for arbitrary image blocks by filtering a pseudo-noise sequence (author id) with a filter that approximates the frequency masking characteristics of the visual system. The noise-like watermark is statistically invisible to deter unauthorized removal. Experimental results show that the watermark is robust to several distortions including white and colored noises, JPEG coding at different qualities, and cropping
Keywords :
copyright; digital filters; image processing; sequences; stochastic processes; JPEG coding; author id; colored noise; copyright information; cropping; distortions; embedded watermark; filtering; frequency masking characteristics; image blocks; noise-like watermark; pseudo-noise sequence; transparent robust image watermarking; unauthorized removal; visual masking; visual system; white noise; Brightness; Colored noise; Filtering; Filters; Frequency; Image coding; Image segmentation; Noise robustness; Visual system; Watermarking;
Conference_Titel :
Image Processing, 1996. Proceedings., International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Lausanne
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-3259-8
DOI :
10.1109/ICIP.1996.560421