Study of electromagnetic scattering by rain drops

Communication performance demands ask for higher frequency bands, which are affected by precipitation. Particular attention should be devoted to the size of the particles, which are called hydrometeors such as rain (water drops), hail and snow [I]. This paper analyses the electromagnetic scattering by rain drops because train is the most important precipitation in our climatic conditions Rain consists of rain drops of various diameters from 0.01 to 0.7 cm and of various frequency (drop size distribution-DSD). The next problem is due to fact that water drops are created by material, which can be considered as lossy dielectric (exact series for scattering have been published as well [2], [3] and [4]). Therefore, both the reflected and transmitted wave should be analysed. That means that two various mechanisms creating the energetic losses of propagating electromagnetic wave exist. A part of energy is absorbed by water drops and the other part is scattered by water drops at various (also unwanted) directions. That creates several problems.