Automatic generation control of interconnected hydro-thermal system in deregulated environment considering generation rate constraints

Automatic Generation Control (AGC) is an integral part of Energy Management System. It is required to be innovated for the adaptation of the market system with several kind of bidding strategies. This paper deals with the automatic generation control of interconnected hydro-thermal system in market based deregulated system. In this particular work hydro unit is considered with electric governor and thermal unit is considered with reheat turbine and mechanical governor. The primary purpose of the AGC is to balance the total system generation against system load and losses so that the desired frequency and power interchange with neighboring systems are maintained. Any mismatch between generation and demand causes the system frequency to deviate from scheduled value. Thus high frequency deviation may lead to system collapse. This necessitates an accurate and fast acting controller to maintain constant nominal frequency. The limitations of the conventional controls viz., Integral, PI, and PID are slow and lack of efficiency in handling system non-linearities. Which leads to develop a new Artificial Intelligence based control technique for AGC. In this paper both conventional and Artificial Intelligence technique viz. Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Neural Network and Neurofuzzy based novel approach of automatic generation control has been examined. Genetic algorithm has been used for all optimization purposes. System performance has been evaluated at various loading disturbances. Various responses due to various controllers have been compared at various loading disturbances.