A solution to energy hole problem in Wireless Sensor Networks using WITRICITY

One of the challenges faced by a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the energy dissipation of the nodes that impacts lifetime of the node´s battery. This is because the fact that nodes nearer to the sink carry heavier traffic loads than any other nodes. Therefore, the nodes around the sink would deplete their energy faster, leading to an energy hole around the sink The aim of this paper is to overcome the power constraints in WSN by wirelessly charging the nodes through witricity (wireless electricity). It is shown that evanescent field patterns can be used to transfer energy efficiently over multiple hops. The proposed work introduces a new layer called the charging layer into the basic sensor network protocol stack A detailed analysis on the energy depletion of nodes deployed under flat and hierarchical routing schemes is done. The efficiency of a witricity system is also analysed.