Autonomous use of fractal structure in low cost, multiband and compact navigational antenna

Different fractal structures and their relevance in navigational antennas have been studied. Based on multiband characteristics and performance of sierpinski gasket fractal structures, a dual band, low profile antenna is devised in this paper. Classical fractal structures have been generated with extensive use of MATLAB, dimensions o f the parasitic layers are determined via several optimizations in MathCAD and finally design analysis is carried out using Ansoft Designer. The performance of this antenna is theoretically measured in terms of its return loss, gain radiation pattern and axial ratio. The multi layered physical antenna has been fabricated using glass epoxy substrate material contributing acceptable bandwidth in both bands. The measured performance of the fabricated antenna has been analyzed and evaluated with the theoretical outcomes.