Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation of Water Quality of Hei River System

Identification of water quality conditions in a river system based on limited observations is an essential task for meeting the goals of environmental management. Various classification methods have been used for water quality estimation. However, a discrepancy frequently arises from the lack of a clear distinction between each water utilization mode, the uncertainty in the quality criteria employed and the vagueness or fuzziness embedded in the decision-making output values. Owing to inherent imprecision, difficulties always exist in some conventional methodologies when describing integrated water quality conditions with respect to various chemical constituents, biological aspects, nutrients, and aesthetic qualities. This paper presents a comparative study using three fuzzy synthetic evaluation techniques to assess water quality conditions in comparison to the outputs generated by conventional procedures such as the Water Quality Index (WQI). Based on a set of data collected at eight sampling stations, a case study was used to demonstrate their application potential. The findings clearly indicate that the techniques may successfully harmonize inherent discrepancies and interpret complex conditions. A further, newly developed fuzzy synthetic evaluation approach described in this paper might also be helpful for constructing an effective water quality management strategy.