Title :
Active/passive microwave method for sea surface temperature estimation
Author :
Wang, Nai-Yu ; Vesecky, John E.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Atmos., Oceanic & Space Sci., Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Abstract :
A nonlinear least square estimator is used for estimating the sea surface temperature based on a quadratic criterion of the difference between the microwave measurements and physical microwave model predictions. This microwave model, based on a two-scale model to account for scattering by small scale irregularities superimposed on large undulations, is used to calculate the microwave scattering cross section and brightness temperature from the water surface. Surface foams are incorporated by estimating the fractional surface area covered by foam as a function of the wind speed and the lower atmospheric stability. The foam emissivity is a function of frequency and incident angle, sea surface temperature and polarization
Keywords :
electromagnetic wave scattering; microwave measurement; oceanographic techniques; radiometry; remote sensing by radar; temperature measurement; active microwave method; brightness temperature; foam emissivity; frequency; incident angle; large undulations; lower atmospheric stability; microwave measurements; microwave scattering cross section; nonlinear least square estimator; passive microwave method; physical microwave model predictions; quadratic criterion; sea surface polarization; sea surface temperature estimation; small scale irregularities; surface foams; two-scale model; water surface; wind speed; Brightness temperature; Least squares approximation; Microwave measurements; Microwave theory and techniques; Ocean temperature; Predictive models; Scattering; Sea measurements; Sea surface; Wind speed;
Conference_Titel :
OCEANS '97. MTS/IEEE Conference Proceedings
Conference_Location :
Halifax, NS
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-4108-2
DOI :
10.1109/OCEANS.1997.624155
