The human element in Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast flight operations

The paper discusses some of the technical and institutional human factors-related issues surrounding the subject of the human element in ADS-B flight operations. It also proposes a procedural-based rule-making strategy. This strategy would facilitate further development and implementation of the human factors and enabling flight technical standards and operational procedures needed to make free flight acceptable to the pilot, controller, the user community, and to the certification authorities. The principal finding of this paper is that we are now at the brink of having sufficient knowledge from which to develop a new set of operating rules-free flight operational rules of engagement-termed electronic (or extended) flight rules