Adaptive internal model based formation control of a class of multi-agent systems with switched exosystems

In this article we consider a class of multi-agent dynamic systems with uncertainties and the problem of moving in a predefined formation along a reference trajectory. The reference trajectory is generated by switched exosystems each of which are neutrally stable and have unknown parameters. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear servomechanism problem and an adaptive internal model based controller is used to solve this problem. Various formation maneuvers such as expansion/contraction, rotation, and reconfiguration (change of shape) are also considered. The performance of the system is verified with simple numerical simulations.