An efficient model for near-ground wave propagation in the presence of building walls/indoor obstacles

A semi-analytic model for near-earth wave propagation in the presence of building walls or similar obstacles is devised. The method is based on physical optics type approximations used in conjunction with the volume equivalence principle. Norton surface waves that are typically neglected in more common indoor propagation techniques such as ray tracing are included in this method as they prove to be vital for the accurate prediction of fields especially for sources close to ground. Simulation results have shown that, this method gives much more accurate results than ray tracing and proves to be computationally better than a numerical method and hence could be used to analyze field propagation in indoor structures that are large in terms of wavelength.