OFDM Visible Light Wireless Communication Based on White LEDs

White LEDs are set to penetrate many areas of everyday life. An interesting property of these devices (in addition to their lightening capabilities) is that they can be utilised for data transmission. In the past, primarily OOK (on-off keying) has been used for digital data modulation of such devices. OOK imposes limitations on the achievable data rates. Therefore, in this paper OFDM is considered in combination with higher order modulation schemes. A hardware demonstrator with an entire link chain (transmitter and receiver) is developed and measured BER (bit error ratio) results are reported. The system uses pilot sub-carriers to correct frequency synchronisation errors, training sequences for channel estimation and time synchronisation routines. Forward error correction (FEC) coding is used. It is shown that for COFDM (coded OFDM) with QPSK (quadrature phase shift keying) modulation and a single LED, a BER of 2 times 10^-5 is achieved for a distance of 90 cm between transmitter and receiver.